Rosh HaShanah (ראש השנה) is the Jewish New Year. It falls once a year during the month of Tishrei and occurs ten days before Yom Kippur. Together, Rosh HaShanah and Yom Kippur are known as the Yamim Nora’im, which means the “Days of Awe” in Hebrew. In English, they are often referred to as the High Holy Days.

In Hebrew, the literal meaning of Rosh HaShanah “Head of the Year.” It falls in the month of Tishrei—the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. This is believed to be the month in which God created the world. The first months of the hear, Nissan, is believed to be the month in which the Jews were freed from slavery in Egypt. Hence, another way to think of Rosh HaShanah as the birthday of the world.

Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-rosh-hashanah-2076484

Sukkot is a seven-day harvest holiday that arrives during the Hebrew month of Tishrei. It starts four days after Yom Kippur and is followed by Shmini Atzeret and Simchat Torah. Sukkot is also known as the Festival of Booths and the Feast of Tabernacles.

Sukkot hearkens back to times in ancient Israel when Jews would build huts near the edges of their fields during the harvest season. One of these dwellings was called a “sukkah” and “sukkot” is the plural form of this Hebrew word. These dwellings not only provided shade but allowed the workers to maximize the amount of time they spent in the fields, harvesting their food more quickly as a result.

Sukkot is also related to the way the Jewish people lived while wandering in the desert for 40 years (Leviticus 23:42-43). As they moved from one place to another they built tents or booths, called sukkot, that gave them temporary shelter in the desert.

Hence, the sukkot (booths) that Jews build during the holiday of Sukkot are reminders both of Israel’s agricultural history and of the Israelite exodus from Egypt.

Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-sukkot-2076495

Simchat Torah is a celebratory Jewish holiday that marks the completion of the annual Torah reading cycle. Simchat Torah literally means “Rejoicing in the Law” in Hebrew.

Throughout the year, a set portion of the Torah is read each week. On Simchat Torah that cycle is finished when the last verses of Deuteronomy are read. The first few verses of Genesis are read immediately afterward, thereby starting the cycle again. For this reason, Simchat Torah is a joyous holiday celebrating the completion of the study of God’s word and looking forward to hearing those words again during the coming year.

Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-simchat-torah-2076494